The history of automobile industry

“Alfa Romeo”
In 1906 in city of Portello close to Milano Ugo Stella founded the “Society” that was meant to produce French light vehicles “Darracq”. In 1910 Stella reorganized the only “Society’s” plant into original Italian cars manufacturing company A.L.F.A which was an acronym for “Automobiles production joint-stock company of Lombardy”. In 1915 the company was headed by Nicola Romeo who renewed the production of vehicles with 4-cylinders engines and gave them his name. Since 1986 the company is a part of “FIAT” concern.

“Bentley”
Walter Owen Bentley started as the assistant to rail road technician but in some time became the dealer of the French cars in London and in 1919 created his famous sports car based on his own drawings. It was the first time in the history of races when the car was to take part under the name of his pilot and owner, Captain Bentley. Numerous race victories attracted more fans to these cars. But due to the Great Depression in 1931 Bentley was forced to sell his company to “Rolls-Roys” that finally in 1998 re-sold it to “Volkswagen” concern.

BMW
In 1913 at Munich northern end Karl Rupp and Gustav Otto (son of combustion engine inventor Nicolaus Otto) found two small air motor companies that in 1917 were united in one plant and registered under the name Bayerische Motoren Werke (Bayer Motor Plants) – BMW, which then started producing the motorcycle engines and the motorcycles. In 1928 the company bought one more plant in Aizenach and a license to produce small cars “Dixie”. This care firstly produced in 1929 became their first one.

“Ford Motors”
The company was founded by Henry Ford in 1903 and produced mass cheap cars (first “A” model than “T” model) that were so popular that the production lines could hardly complete all the orders. In 1913 “Ford Motors” for the first time in the industry implemented standards for spare parts which increased a productivity 1.5 times just in 1 year. By 1923 every second American car was produced on the lines of “Ford Motors”.

“FIAT”
Was founded by J. Anielli in 1899 to make cars with “De Dion” engines under the “Reno” license. By 1920s “FIAT” becomes the biggest Italian company.

“Jaguar”
Was founded in 1925 by 2 Williams – Lyons and Walmsley – under the name Swallow Sidecar (SS). They first produced motorcycles buddy seats. But in summer of 1931 Lyons’ inventions SSI and SSII had a great success and in summer of 1945 the company was renamed to “Jaguar” as SS abbreviation was associated with Nazi.

“Mercedes-Benz”
When Hotlib Daimler died in 1900 the company was headed by his son Paul and engineer Maibach who that year started to work on the racing car prototype. The first two-seated racing car was named “Mercedes” by the name of daughter of the company co-owner Australian racer Emil Ellinec. The motor and vehicle construction company “Mercedez-Benz” was founded in 1926.

MG, “Morris Garage”
In 1923 Sessile Kimber, the head representative of the Morris Company founded a car production branch under MG name. In the same year the first sports car of that company was produced. Since 1950s this well-known producer is a part of British Motor Corporation.

Rolls-Royce PLC
The company name bears the names of 2 its founders – aristocrat Charles Rolls and brilliant engineer Henry Royce. In 1906 they produced their first successful car with 6-cylinders engine (40/50 model). Soon the brand became so prestigious that the company started to supply with their products the British Royal Family and other world leading authorities.

“Adam Opel AG”
The company was founded in 1898 by 5 Opel brothers and named to honor their father Adam Opel the owner of bicycles and sewing machines factory. The brothers started with motorcycles based on French “Darracq”. By 1902 they constructed their first model of 2-cylinders car “Opel” which was meant to get an attention of the mass consumer and 1913 they started to produce the trucks. Though, the years of post-war inflation made the company almost bankrupt and finally in 1920s the brothers sold their company to General Motors.

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