I would like to speak in this article about stages.
Radiuses of curvilinear stages are estimated taking into account their bias. For transport lifting on height of several floors (for example, at industrial use of the ground floor of land garage or a thick layer ground filling for landing of green plantings and trees over the first deepen floor of underground garage) can arise necessity for radius increase in comparison with norms to keep a stage bias in admissible limits.
From two sides of carriage way the stage part should provide a lateral safety emphasis (protecting borders) in the width 50 cm and in height the maximum 12 cm. If pedestrians use the stage, it is necessary near to carriage way to lay its part the raised sidewalk in width 80 cm.
According to Garage rules as much as possible admissible bias of stages makes 15 %, and in small garages — 20 %. However with a view of increase of speed of traffic on stages, and also from psychological reasons the bias in 15 % should be applied only in short stages, for example semi-stages.
As stages — direct or screw — lift cars on height of one or several floors, it is recommended to limit a bias of 10-12 %. Screw stages should have a cross-section bias not less than 3 %. In a zone of change of a bias of very abrupt stages it is necessary to provide curves in order to avoid engine overloads. The necessary result can be reached at the device of curves of radius 20 m or an insert of a rectilinear site in length of 3,6-4,0 m with half bias.
If stages with a bias more than 15 % are intended both for cars, and for pedestrians on the raised sidewalks in width not less than 80 cm should be provided the devices interfering sliding (cross-section furrows, steps, hand-rail on a wall).
Covering surface of carriage way of stages (a cement or asphalt layer) do corrugated by drawing of a layer of wear proof granular materials. It is recommended to apply automatically operated heating providing reliable operation of stages during winter time to freely standing external stages. For prevention of falling of cars from stages it is necessary to establish protecting devices (protections, hand-rail, lattices) height not less than 90 cm, capable to bear blows of cars.
To prevent possibility of a drain of fuel on a stage from overlying on underlying floor, it is arranged thresholds in height about 3 cm on high to edge of a stage not less or that is better, put in a stage body, cross-section trays. The same result can be received, if a stage and a floor, to which it conducts, have opposite biases.
Connection of underground floors of garage among themselves only by means of stages is possible if stages have own cages with fire-resistant walls. Apertures in fire-resistant walls should be equipped with self-locked and fire-keeping guard, supplied with lock devices which at smoke occurrence provide automatic lock-out of apertures; it is necessary to provide possibility of manually lock-out of corresponding apertures.

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