Cargos transportation and cargo vehicles

The role and economy of cargos transportation. In USA the railroads deliver more cargos than trucks but in the rest developed countries it is vice versa. Besides Western Europe and Japan that have technically perfect railways (mainly for public transportation) the rest of the world has primarily old-fashioned railway systems. In many developing countries industrial zones are connected to sea or river docks and railway stations but there are not good railway systems able to compete with automobile transport. It’s easier, cheaper and faster to build a road besides it helps the national economy development.

The tasks set for interstate and city cargo transports are different as city cargo vehicles deliver the same type of cargos “door-to-door”.

The types of cargo automobiles. The vans, pickups and container trucks with low frame chassis are the vehicles with small carrying capacity. The vans are usually 4-wheel vehicles of 4.3 m length with up to 2 t carrying capacity and are loaded via back or side door. Their drivers are able to come to cargo compartment not leaving the car. The vans are used for intercity cargos and for other means be expedition agencies, phone stations technicians and others. The pickups have separate cabin for driver and 2 passengers, its cargo compartment is open framed and load is performed via set-down rare side. The pickups are primarily used by farmers and repair technicians for instruments transporting. The container trucks with low frame chassis are bigger and longer than regular vans.

The regular sided trucks and special trucks are the vehicles of medium carrying capacity up to 8 t. The driver cabin is always separated from closed cargo compartment. These vehicles have 2-axis rare bridge with 2 wheels on its each side. The regular trucks are used for transportation or special works. The refrigerators, trash collectors and concrete carriers and others are the special trucks. For example, oil and liquid products are transported in tank cars, the dry substances are transported in dump trucks and the special platforms are used for delivering big mechanisms, paper rolls and steel plates.

The heavy trucks are in fact the automobile trains consisting of the haulage truck and a trailer with 5 axes and 18 wheels. The haulage truck is equipped with engine and cabin and has 3 axes: 1 in front and 2 with paired wheels at each side at rare side. The cargo compartment is just a carrier with 2 axes and paired wheels at rare side that can be easily linked to the haulage truck. Such train is 17 m in length and is capable of carrying up to 20 t cargos. The haulage truck is able to leave a carrier at cargo station and pick it up later that makes the driver’s work more effective and decreases the demurrage. The carrier may be in form of refrigerator, tank or platform and with 2 carriers the haulage truck is able to transport up to 30 t of cargos. Such automobile trains have to use special routes with fortified bridges and concrete.

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