In this article I would like to speak about columns and other building designs. The most important constructive element of garages is the step of columns. For such transport construction as the garage, with a view of maintenance of sufficient freedom of movement and the best use of the area of storage is desirable, probably, bigger step of columns exceeding on the size width of thoroughfare and length of places of parking from two sides from it. The decision on increase in a step of columns should be accepted only after the preliminary analysis of cost of designs and operational effect.

In the many-storied underground garages located on a site with high level of ground waters and treated to action of a considerable carrying power, in many cases it is impossible to avoid a frequent arrangement of columns for constructive reasons (increase of rigidity of a sole for: perceptions of pushing out forces); more favorable transfer of efforts takes place at filling of underground garage with a layer of ground, on which are provided green plantings, including trees.

Such constructive requirements should be considered in due time in the project. At small width it is necessary to place columns with a space from border of thoroughfare and places of parking on 0,5 0,7 m to facilitate entrance and departure from places of parking. To place columns on half of length of places of parking also it is inexpedient, as thus it is impossible or to open car doors inconveniently.

The closed land and underground garages should be equipped by a mechanical extract, and if necessary with fresh air ventilating installation by productivity 12,0 m3 air at one hour on 1 м2 of a garage useful area. As modular ventilating channels in garages of the big area should have rather considerable cross-section cutset they are not located in a zone of places of storage, for example between overlapping beams: and a cowl of the engine of the car and consequently disturb normal operation of garage. Therefore at designing except the area of places of parking and thoroughfares it is necessary to provide the additional area for placing of channels that affects the sizes of a building and a step of columns.

Height of thoroughfares. According to Garage rules average and large garages for pass to the established zones, and also under beams, air lines and other building designs should have height not less than 2 m. Certainly, the same dimension should be maintained and in a zone of stages.

On floors of garage, which are combined with department stores, shops of the economic goods or shops on sale of building materials in which clients transport furniture, building materials and other goods on a car roof in a luggage grid, on occasion for driving maintenance the big height is required. The same concerns the first land or underground floor of garage when they are intended for supply being over or under them office buildings.

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